Test Cases and Bug Reports · Software Testing Basics in Selenium | Selenium

A Good Test Case

Field	Value
ID	TC_LOGIN_001
Title	Login with valid credentials
Precondition	user [email protected] is registered
Steps	1. Open https://shopease.example.com/login 2. Enter email 3. Enter password 4. Click Login
Test data	[email protected] / Test@123
Expected result	My Account page opens and shows "Welcome, Priya"
Priority	High

Tip: Write steps so clearly that a new tester (or a Selenium script) can follow them without asking you anything. Clear manual test cases become easy automation scripts.

A Good Bug Report

Field	Value
Bug ID / Title	BUG-1042: Cart count does not update after adding a product
Environment	QA build 2.3.1, Chrome 130, Windows 11
Steps to reproduce	search "shoes" → open first product → click Add to Cart
Expected	cart badge shows 1
Actual	cart badge still shows 0 until page refresh
Severity / Priority	Major / High
Attachments	screenshot, console log

Note: Severity = how badly it breaks the system (set by the tester). Priority = how soon it must be fixed (set by the product owner). A spelling mistake in the logo is low severity but high priority.

Bug Life Cycle

New -> Assigned -> Open -> Fixed -> Retest -> Verified -> Closed
                                    |                |
                                    |                +-> Reopened (still failing) -> Assigned
                                    +-> Rejected / Duplicate / Deferred